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Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology: Learning, by Randy Gallistel, Hal Pashler

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By Randy Gallistel, Hal Pashler

Now to be had in paperback.В  This revised and up-to-date version of the definitive source for experimental psychology deals accomplished insurance of the most recent findings within the box, in addition to the newest contributions in method and the explosion of study in neuroscience. quantity 3: studying, Motivation, and Emotion , specializes in the position of studying within the operation of motivational structures in human cognitive improvement.

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Additional info for Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Motivation, and Emotion, Volume 3 (

Sample text

One obvious possibility (given the reality of spontaneous recovery) is that the inhibitory association may have decayed in some way during the retraining phase, allowing the originally trained excitatory association to make a contribution to test performance (a contribution that would be eliminated by the devaluation procedure). A problem for this interpretation is that Rescorla found the magnitude of the devaluation effect to be as great for extinguished associations as for associations that had not undergone extinction, making it necessary to assume (what seems improbable) that the loss of inhibition in the former case had been total.

The account of extinction that we have been developing to this point predicts no such response-specificity. 9a, by the end of extinction, both stimuli (and both responses) should have acquired the power to inhibit the outcome representation (or, as shown, to excite an antagonistic no-outcome representation). Reestablishing the responseoutcome associations through further reinforced training would permit the association governed by a stimulus to influence behavior by inhibiting activity in the outcome node, but since the outcome is common to both responses, both should be suppressed equally.

These experiments showed, it will be recalled, that an extinguished response, reestablished by retraining with a different US pashler-44108 book January 17, 2002 13:59 Simple Inhibitory Conditioning or instrumental outcome, still shows sensitivity to the effects of devaluing the original US or outcome. Why should this be, if the original US (or outcome) representation has been fully inhibited as a result of the extinction procedure? One obvious possibility (given the reality of spontaneous recovery) is that the inhibitory association may have decayed in some way during the retraining phase, allowing the originally trained excitatory association to make a contribution to test performance (a contribution that would be eliminated by the devaluation procedure).

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