Mining

Mining and Its Impact on the Environment by Fred G. Bell, Laurance J. Donnelly

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By Fred G. Bell, Laurance J. Donnelly

Winner of the 2007 E.B. Burwell, Jr. Award of the Geological Society of the United States Mining task has left a legacy of dangers to the surroundings, corresponding to waste, risky flooring and illness, which are problematical while redeveloping land. This e-book highlights the results of previous mining and gives info at the forms of difficulties it might probably reason in either city and rural components. in terms of instance, the booklet additionally demonstrates how such difficulties might be expected, investigated, envisioned, avoided and regulated. additionally, it exhibits how websites already plagued by mining difficulties and risks might be remediated and rehabilitated. overlaying subsidence, floor mining, disposal of waste, difficulties caused by mine closure and mineral processing, Mining and its impression at the atmosphere is a superb reference for working towards mining and geotechnical engineers, in addition to scholars during this box.

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Winner of the 2007 E. B. Burwell, Jr. Award of the Geological Society of the USA Mining job has left a legacy of risks to the surroundings, akin to waste, volatile flooring and infection, that are tricky whilst redeveloping land. This publication highlights the results of earlier mining and offers details at the varieties of difficulties it may possibly reason in either city and rural components.

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Under such circumstances simple analysis according to bulking factors proves inadequate (Carter, 1985). 4. , 1999a). g. e. within about 30–50 m of rockhead), it should be assumed that it has been worked at some time, although this may not have been in a systematic way. Even if there are no mine plans or records of past workings, the ground investigation should be planned on the assumption that mining has taken place until it is possible to prove otherwise (Taylor, 1968). In particular, the location of subsurface voids due to mineral extraction is of prime importance in this context.

Partial extraction and subsidence 27 It is generally impossible to predict the distribution or amount of void space in the ground associated with the old bell pits. This can present problems in terms of development or redevelopment of a site. For instance, at a site in Sheffield, England, where the presence of old workings had been proved by drilling, the distribution of voids was irregular and no estimate could be made of the amount of void space. As a consequence, a grouting contractor was only prepared to quote a minimum figure for filling the voids.

Secure storage. Storage of sensitive and valuable documents, artwork or military data may be more secure in old mines than in surface structures. In particular, some abandoned mines in Europe were used for these purposes during the First and Second World Wars. The largest such storage facility in the United States is Iron Mountain, some 72 km north of Pittsburg. This is a huge former limestone mine, which was in operation from 1902 to 1950, supplying limestone to the steel industry of the area.

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