Crop Science

Bananas and plantains by Victor G. Saúco, John C. Robinson

Posted On February 25, 2017 at 2:08 pm by / Comments Off on Bananas and plantains by Victor G. Saúco, John C. Robinson

By Victor G. Saúco, John C. Robinson

Bananas and plantains are significant fruit vegetation within the tropics and subtropics, creating a very important contribution to the economies of many nations. within the final 15 years, big adjustments have happened in banana creation, between them the elevated value of fungal and viral illnesses and their severe effect on Cavendish export cultivars, smallholder plantains and cooking bananas. alterations in construction structures resembling safe greenhouse cultivation, natural, fair-trade and built-in cultivation and their respective certification schemes have additionally turn into well-known. This booklet presents an obtainable evaluate of the clinical ideas of banana construction and the way those relate to box practices. This new version has extended assurance of worldwide exchange statistics and regulations, breeding of recent cultivars on the subject of illness resistance and markets, clients for genetically-modified bananas and the expanding function of endophytes in controlling pests and ailments.

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Still other mutations may have been identified but discarded before testing and selection could take place. Some better known somatic mutants that have been selected, utilized and named are ‘Extra Dwarf Cavendish’ from ‘Giant Cavendish’; ‘Williams’ from ‘Giant Cavendish’; ‘Highgate’ from ‘Gros Michel’; ‘Cocos’ from ‘Gros Michel’; ‘Dwarf French Plantain’ from ‘French Plantain’; ‘Silver Bluggoe’ from ‘Bluggoe’ and ‘Green Red’ from ‘Red’, and more recently inside the Cavendish subgroup ‘Chinese Cavendish’ from Australia, ‘Lancefield’ from South Africa, ‘Zelig’ from Israel and ‘Gruesa’ from the Canary Islands.

Conventional breeding programmes have been operating since 1922 in Trinidad and 1924 in Jamaica. In 1960 all breeding work was transferred to Jamaica where it continued until 1980 when a lack of funding led to its cessation. Another breeding programme was started in Honduras in 1959 by the United Fruit Company. This continued until 1984 when funding was taken over by FAO (United Nations) for a year and subsequently by USAID (US Agency for International Development) who gave a US$20 million 10year grant to support the programme.

It is also more tolerant to cold temperatures than Cavendish subgroup cultivars. The plant carries large bunches and the fruit has a pleasant, slightly tart flesh which does not oxidize on exposure. This cultivar initially appeared very promising and was a candidate to become the first conventionally-bred dessert hybrid to be grown commercially, but this promise has not been realized except in Samoa (Daniells, 2006). ‘Tropical Musa plantain hybrid 548-9’ or ‘TMP×548-9’ (AAAB) – This is a product of the conventional breeding programme of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in Nigeria.

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