Abnormal Pressures while Drilling - Origins, Prediction, by Alan Mitchell, Jean-Paul Mouchet
By Alan Mitchell, Jean-Paul Mouchet
This functional guide brings jointly a variety of bibliographic info on irregular pressures and provides the sensible event of the authors and diverse specialists inside Elf-Aquitaine. basically destined for everyday use through subsurface geologists and drilling engineers at any place they're faced with the issues of overpressure, it describes a number of the origins of strain anomalies, and info the equipment on hand for his or her prediction, detection and assessment. it is going to even be helpful to petroleum geologists, petroleum engineers and reservoir engineers as a reference handbook.
Content:
entrance subject
• record of important Abbreviations
• Preface
• desk of Contents
• creation
1. strain recommendations
2. The Origins of Non-Hydrostatic irregular Pressures
three. Prediction and Detection
four. Quantitative strain assessment
• five. precis and total Conclusions - support Chart
6. Appendices
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Additional resources for Abnormal Pressures while Drilling - Origins, Prediction, Detection, Evaluation
Sample text
33 The constant c represents the value of the slope of normal compaction (with 4 plotted on a logarithmic scale). Later research has enabled compaction vs. 2). Since porosity can vary from 80% to less than 10% over a 5 OOO m interval, it is easy to see that the volume of water expelled in this way is considerable. It can be demonstrated, using Dickinson’s data for the Gulf Coast (19%). 19). 1 ............ B;oBF. I go ........................... 80 - _------ Interstitial water ______- -------- Fig.
Fracture intensity depends on both the stress field (ie. the type of tectonic activity) and the mechanical behaviour of the layers. It is important to note that overpressure may often be laterally induced by the juxtaposition, by fault movement, of formations with different pressure regimes. A typical case is figure 29, which illustrates the transmission of pressure via a growth fault in the Niger Delta. The seismic velocities in this case indicate the top of undercompaction to be much deeper than the first abnormal pressures encountered.
R 3 al 2000 - -5 E a al n 3000- 4000. 4500 - .... Top undercompaction ', \ Fig. 3 EMW FFA bdeq') :lsopressure (undercompacted zone. Pressures induced by lateral loading laterally induced overpressure - Growth fault zone, Niger Delta Normal faults are the result of a stress field where S, is vertical and S3 is horizontal. As they are created by a system in extension and therefore tend to be open, they are often effective drains, and provide links between reservoirs which help to equalise pressure gradients.